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back channel |
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A line of diplomatic communication which bypasses the normal or ‘front channel’, usually to maximize secrecy and avoid opposition to a new line of policy. This does not necessarily entail sidelining all professional diplomats, just most of them. Two well-documented cases may be mentioned. The first occurred during the arms control talks between the Soviet Union and the United States in the early 1970s. These were formally conducted in Vienna (the front channel) but Henry Kissinger used the back channel of secret meetings with Soviet Ambassador in Washington, Anatoly Dobrynin, to tackle key difficulties in the talks while the arms control negotiators themselves remained in complete ignorance of what was going on. The second case was provided by the ‘Oslo channel’, which played the key role in producing the Israel-Palestine Liberation Organization settlement of September 1993. This consisted of elaborately disguised direct talks beginning in 1992 between PLO officials and Israeli academics at discreet Norwegian locations while formal Middle East talks were being held, unproductively, in Washington. |
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| Other Terms : international institution | accession | domestic law |
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