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international humanitarian law

  
     
  The term by which, during the last quarter of the twentieth century, the ‘laws of war’ became known. This law places limits on the force which may be used against combatants and civilians during war or armed conflict, and enunciates rules regarding the treatment of prisoners-of-war. Larger states generally provide their senior military staff with military manuals which set out and interpret the chief aspects of international humanitarian law. Laws of war date from the Middle Ages. They used to have a customary basis, but since the middle of the nineteenth century have increasingly been embodied in treaties, latterly in what are known as the Geneva or Red Cross Conventions. See also armed conflict; belligerency; blockade; contraband; genocide; human rights; insurgency; International Committee of the Red Cross; ius ad bellum; ius in bello; war.  
 

 

 

  
 
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