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non-governmental organization (NGO) |
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Though sometimes held to subsume the multinational corporation, the usual connotation of this term is a private, non-profit-making body which has an international membership. Such bodies, especially when granted observer status, are often active in international organizations and major conferences. In order to distinguish them from national non-governmental organizations (a phrase sometimes heard in International Relations (sense 3) circles but unknown in Political Science), NGOs are sometimes referred to as international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs). Very roughly speaking, NGOs are to the international society what pressure groups are to the state; hence the vogue for using the term ‘civil society’ (in its Hegelian sense) to refer to the sphere of free association in which they operate. A good example of an NGO is the International Committee of the Red Cross. |
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| Other Terms : compulsory jurisdiction | commercial office | ius cogens |
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